SHORT-TERM EFFICACY OF ULTRASOUND AND LASER THERAPY IN CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Authors:
Nadica Laktašić-Žerjavić, Nikolino Žura, Ivan Jurak, Mislav Jezidžić, Iva Žagar, Kristina Kovač-Durmiš, Josip Draženović, Porin Perić
Summary
The goal of the study was to demonstrate the short-term efficacy of therapeutic ultrasound and therapeutic laser in combination with therapeutic exercises, as well as to determine possible differences in their effectiveness, through the evaluation of pain, wrist range of motion, grip strength, and functional hand capacity in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The study was conducted on 60 adult patients randomly divided into two groups of 30. In addition to the hand exercise therapy, one group was subjected to therapeutic ultrasound (UZV-G; continuous ultrasound therapy with an intensity of 1 W/cm2, for 5 minutes, 5 days a week, for 2 weeks), while the other was subjected to therapeutic laser (LLLT-G; 1.5 J /cm2, for 2 minutes, 5 days a week, for 2 weeks). Th e measurements were performed before and after the treatment cycle. The measured results showed a positive effect of both therapeutic modalities, combined with therapeutic exercises, on pain reduction (measured by visual analogue scale – VAS), wrist range of motion (measured by goniometer in degrees), and grip strength (measured by dynamometer in kilograms), as well as on general hand function (measured by the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire – MHQ), with a statistically significant improvement post therapy (p <0.05) in all measured variables in both groups of patients. Th ere were no significant differences between the groups in any of the variables except for the MHQ (pre/post therapy, MHQ Δmean: UZV-G vs LLLT-G, 14.9 vs 4.3). The ultrasound group showed a significantly larger, positive change in functional status as compared to the laser group (two-way ANOVA, MHQ group interaction, p<0.05,partial eta squared – η2 p <0.27). The results indicate that therapeutic ultrasound and therapeutic laser in combination with therapeutic exercises can be used in conservative management of CTS, with better short-term efficacy of ultrasound on the general hand function.